ABSTRACT
As one of classical prescriptions, Xitong Pill was first recorded in Shihong Mao's "Ji Shi Yang Sheng Ji" in the fifty-sixth year of Emperor Qianlong (1791), with the functions of clearing heat, eliminating dampness, dispelling wind and relieving pain, to treat wind-damp-heat arthralgia syndrome, which clinically contains gout, rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases. Xitong Pill, as the Chinese Medicine prescription, is only consisted of two herbs, Siegesbeckia and Clerodendrum trichotomum, and widely used in clinic alone or combined with other classic prescriptions due to its precisely compatibility and significant curative effects. In this paper, herbological study and clinical application of Xitong Pill were reviewed, as well as research progresses of main chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of herbs in the formula, by analyzing ancient Chinese herbal medicine books and modern literatures, in order to provide a reference of Xitong Pill for clinical applications and further research on its pharmacological mechanisms.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the chemical constituents of the aerial parts of Siegesbeckia pubescens. Methods: A systematic separation of chemical constituents was conducted. Detailed chemical investigation of S. pubescens led to the isolation of six compounds by comprehensive chromatographic Methods: (Extraction, Silic gel C.C, Sephadex LH-20, ODS C. C). The structures of them were fully determined based on spectroscopic analysis including IR, HR-ESI-MS, ESI-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT, HSQC, and HMBC spectrum. Results: A total of six compounds were isolated from the fraction of n-butanol extract of S. pubescens including one new monoterpenoid glycoside named (2Z,5E)-7-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl-2,5-octadiene-1-O-[α-L-rhamnpyranosyl (1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), four known diterpenoid glucosides named pubeside D (2), ent-15,16,19-trihydroxypimar- 8(14)-en-2-one-19-O-β-glucopyranoside (3), ent-15,16-dihydroxypimar-8(14)-en-2-one-19-oic-β-glucopyranoside (4), and neodarutoside (5), and eleutherazine B (6). Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new compound, named as siegeside F, and compound 6 is isolated from this species for the first time.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To identify the secondary metabolites of endophytic fungus C. capsici. METHODS: Various column chromatographic methods were used to isolate and purify compounds, such as silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and semi-prep HPLC. The structures were established on the basis of spectral analysis. RESULTS: Thirteen compounds were isolated and identified as GKK1032(1), altertoxin I(2), ergosta-7, 22-dien-3β, 5α, 6β-triol(3), ergosterol(4), 20-hydroxylergosta-4, 6, 8(14), 22-tetraen-3-one(5), ergosta-7, 22-diene-3, 6-dione(6), isocyathisterol(7), ganodermaside D(8), TCA 3a(9), TCA 3b(10), nicotinamide(11), tyrosol(12) and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde(13). CONCLUSION: All these compounds are isolated from C. capsici for the first time.
ABSTRACT
Siegesbeckia pubescens (SP) has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of and inflammatory diseases.However,the activities of SP against hepatocellular carcinoma and the related mechanisms remain unclear.The present study aimed to examine the effects of the essential oil of SP (SPEO) on the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and the possible mechanisms.The growth inhibition of HepG2 cells was analyzed by MTT assay.Hoechst 33258 and fluorescence microscopy were utilized to observe the nuclear morphological changes of apoptotic cells.Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis and cell cycle.The expressions of the target proteins were detected by Western blotting.The results showed that SPEO obviously inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner.SPEO activated a series of apoptotic proteins in HepG2 cells,increasing expression levels of Bax,caspase-3 and caspase-9,and decreasing the bcl-2 expression level.SPEO displayed promising anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activities in vitro,partly by inducing apoptosis in HepG2 cells through activating the mitochondrial pathway.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Siegesbeckia pubescens. Methods: The compounds were separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and TLC, and their structures were determined by analyses on the physicochemical properties and spectral data. Results: Three oxylipins were obtained and identified as 3-(myristoyloxy)-2-(isobutyloxy)-4-methylpentanoic acid (1), 3-(myristoyloxy)-2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid (2), and γ-dodecyl-α-hydroxy-γ-lactone (3) from the ethanol extract of S. pubescens. Conclusion: The two new oxylipins 1 and 2, named siegesbeclipin A and siegesbeclipin B, and known compound 3 is obtained from this plant for the first time.